Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação
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A revista Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação tem por finalidade publicar artigos relacionados à Educação, tendo como temática questões sobre avaliação e políticas públicas em educação, priorizando os resultados de pesquisas, estudos teóricos e ensaios.
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- ItemAvaliação: relato de uma experiência pioneira(2002) BOCLIN, Roberto GuimarãesThe study reports an institutional evaluation survey carried out by IDEG -Instituto de Desenvolvimento da Guanabara, an institution linked to the Federation of Industries of the State of Guanabara, in 1970, for SENAI-GB, pioneering in its scope and methodology. It evaluated the institution's performance in the period between 1965 and 1968, in providing professional training courses, in four of its schools, with a total of 6,300 graduating students. It researched administrative, operational, economic and financial aspects, adopting criteria and indicators that favored a qualitative and quantitative analysis of its performance. It was extremely innovative in its proposal, having been adopted in practically all Brazilian states, establishing the conceptual bases for the assessment at SENAI. On the other hand, the author reports conceptual aspects that influenced the aforementioned study and others that, currently, have established themselves in the academic scenario in the field of evaluation. It is a contribution to evaluation studies and a fair reference to the merits of the research carried out by IDEG.
- ItemAvaliação das relações cognitivas e motoras na aquisição instrucional das habilidades para a aprendizagem da linguagem escrita(2002) BERESFORD, Heron; QUEIROZ, Magda; NOGUEIRA, Ana BeatrizThe objective of this work was to help with the resolution of the laek of information about the possible relationship between the combined influency of the motor and cognitive performance in the aquisition of the abilities for writting learning. For so, authors like BOCK (1991), CAMPOS (1986), PIAGET (1987), among others were studied and yours theoris help to base this work, wich was done in a ex-post-facto descryng type metodology,allowing a interpretaton about the causative or antecedence links, or currency and purpose of those dificulties in the aquisition of the abilities for writing learning. As evaluation for the writting learning. From these both tests a variancy analises and the mean comparation by the TUKEY test was mad. The result showed that the writting learning dificulties presented can be eased for cognitive or declarative and motor activies, alone or together. Also it was showed, tht there is a relationship between the presented dificulties with the school efficiency, financial situation and social-economic aspect.
- ItemRecuperando a história do acesso ao ensino superior (1911-1925)(2002) LIMA, Helena Ibiapina; SILVA, Beatriz Rodrigues Gomes da; SILVA, Patrícia Rosa daThis paper focuse the first part of a study on the access to Higher Education, made y the research area of Brasil Scientific and Educational Instituitions, from the Studies and Docunentation Program Education and ociety, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The research seeks to discuss the history of acess to higher education in Brazil, focusing on the instutionalization of the "vestibular"-The exam for University entrance- from 1911 to 1925. It examines the dilemmas, involved considering the legislative benchmarks of education policies, as well as material published by the press during that period. It considers initial concept of the access exam when it tried simply to distribute the existing university openings, and it signals a new concepted, defended by educators, whereby access is linked to merit, bearing in mind equal opportunities concerns. The documentation consulted and bibliographical research considered discussions about the "vestibular's" validityas an instrument for analysis of prior education as well as, its contend and level of complexity.
- ItemOs desafios do ensino das profissões de saúde frente às mudanças do modelo assistencial: contribuição para além dos pólos de capacitação em saúde da família(2002) CORDEIRO, HesioThe author discusses aspects of the Brazilian health reform that require public policies and initiatives for training human resources in health, involving universities and educational institutions to train professionals in family health strategies. The population, epidemiological and health demand profile transformations related to the country's development processes are debated, which also characterize levels of regional and social inequalities in Brazil. Health and education reforms in recent years have expanded the universal access to health services, but they have not served to improve the resolvability and quality of care. Family health strategies and their relationships with the scenarios of educational policies and guidelines for teaching health professions to meet the training of professionals suitable for the expansion of family health teams are discussed.
- Itemdimensão pedagógica da organização escolar: um estudo na ótica da cultura(2002) TEIXEIRA, Lucia Helena G.In this text I discuss the pedagogical dimension of the administration of the school unit. I start from the observation that there are few studies among us on the internal organization of the educational establishment in general and, particularly, those that focus on understanding the processes that go beyond formal structures, to contemplate the relationships that arise. process inside the school. Seeking to overcome the bureaucratic and uniform perception of the teaching unit, I adopt a cultural approach, making room for the consideration of the defining relationships of its pedagogical practice.
- ItemTecnologia em educação e aprendizagem(2002) DEMO, PedroThe text seeks, with the support of artificial intelligence studies, with emphasis on Hillis, other arguments against instructionism. Many interdisciplinary authors are interested in supporting the thesis of political reconstructive learning, also in the world of artificial intelligence and technology in education. It is a difficult polemic, because, in addition to touching ideological sensibilities, I launch recent discussions about the constitution of the evolutionary process, in particular about emergence. This phenomenon would indicate that evolution - as occurred in the emergence of life - is not reduced to replication, but introduces novelties that apparently were not present in the previous situation. This applies in a very suitable way to learning, always reconstructive and therefore also political, in the sense of managing subjects capable of their own history. At the same time, this discussion reinforces the recognized link between education/learning and citizenship.
- ItemQuestionários para avaliação institucional baseados na lógica Fuzzy(2002) CHWIF, LeonardoThis work proposes a methodology to the criation and analysis of fuzzy logic basead questionnaires for assessment program evaluation. Lofty Zadeh created fuzzy logic with the aim of dealing with imprecise concepts of the daily life, in contrast to classical logic, basead on binary concepts (true
- ItemEducação especial: um capítulo à parte na história do direito à educação no Brasil(2002) FONTES, Rejane de SouzaThis article intends to discuss the question about the deficients' education and their subjective public rights to Education, basead on Public Politics in Special ducation during the Brasilian history. Being based on Federal Constituition (1988), on Children's Statue (1990), on Education Decenial Plan for All People (1993), on Special Education National Politic, National Education's Bases and Rights aw (1996) and on Education National Plan (2001) this article intends to extend INTEGRATIO and INCLUSION concepts on Teaching Public Sistems, no only to deficiente people, but to all socially marginal children on our country.
- ItemInovações educacionais no âmbito do poder local: os impactos do programa de erradicação do trabalho infantil (PETI) na política educacional do município de Vivência-Pernambuco(2002) FERREIRA, Rosilda ArrudaThe aim of paper is to analyze the changes taking place in Vivencia's education (State of Pernambuco, Brazil) as a result of the implementation of the Work Children Elimination Program (Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil-PETI). The study ocuses upon the possibilities of reconfiguration of the the public policies at local level from the viewpoint of federal government's of decentralization. The metodological aproach assumes that the interrelation between the objective and subjctive aspects constituing of social reality are basics for its understating. It assesses the impacts of PETI's implementation in Vivência looking at the verified changes in the educational indicator regarding the public education provision, and the subjecs' representations of the public management, rural school, amongst others. Despite the existing difficulties, the results disclose that significant changes have been happening in aspects considered in thi study.
- ItemConstrutivismo e alfabetização: um casamento que não deu certo(2002) OLIVEIRA, João Batista Araújo eThis article has three objectives: to present the assumptions of constructivist literacy proposals, demonstrate how empirical evidence points to the misunderstanding of these proposals, and suggest new ways to resume the literacy issue from a solid base of scientific, theoretical and empirical knowledge , which would allow Brazil to surpass the position of last place in the world ranking of quality in teaching reading and writing (OECD, 2001 ). The article is divided into six parts. In the first part, it analyzes the constructivist literacy proposals. In the following three, it presents some considerations of a logical nature and empirical evidence that demonstrate the mistake of constructivist presuppositions, hypotheses and methods. In the fifth part it analyzes possible causes of the popularity of constructivism and in the sixth part it presents suggestions and points out ways to replace the literacy problem.
- ItemUniversidades federais: regras do jogo, declínio e opções(2002) SOUZA, Alberto de Mello; BARROS, Aluizio Antonio deThe article addresses the current situation of federal universities, describing the rules that restrict their performance and discussing contextual changes both in funding sources and in the dynamics of private universities, which diminish the existing comparative advantages of federal universities and point to their inexorable decline , if there are no changes. The issue of autonomy is discussed and seen in conjunction with the funding pattern. A strong dependence on government resources is associated with bureaucratic controls that have little to do with the heart of the matter, namely, the relentless pursuit of academic prestige. Rules for the exercise of autonomy that favor better results from federal universities and that these are more socially relevant are discussed.
- ItemEstudo avaliativo sobre os egressos do Programa Estadual de Qualificação Profissional no Ceará, no Período de 1996 a 1998(2002) FERNANDES, Verônica Soares; NASCIMENTO, Raimundo Benedito doThis study examins the effects of the Ceará State Programme for Profissional Qualification among those who have finished the Business Management courses in the period from 1996 to 1998. The concept of effectiveness together with the reference of Scriven concerning assessment were used the meritorius aspects of the programme. Besides the dodumental and bibliogrphical research, a descriptive research as caried out based on a study case of 60 of those who finished the programme with data being collected and used from structured interviews by telephone. These were analized in the light of the descriptive statistics. The conclusions reveal that effectes of theprogramme are perceived in a different manner by those trained according to the level of their edcation and experience in the work force. In general the validity of the course in question was proved beyond doubt, as the study showed it contributed greatly to the work of those who had completed it. However, the circumstances in wich te courses were developed need to be bettered by those responsible. Specifically suggested were a better propaganda, and a better selection, taking into account the profile of participants in relation to the results eexpected of the course, a better selection process in accordance with the real demand for the course, and finally, greater p´reoccupation with the post or after course so that it does not that it does not reproduce what happens in the other courses. it is exactly these factors that make the difference in establishing public policies.
- ItemAs perspectivas da pesquisa qualitativa para as políticas em educação pública(2002) MOREIRA, HeliveltoThe purpose of this article is twofold. The first is to define the main characteristics of qualitative research in the field of educational research in comparison with quantitative research originating from the polypositivist paradigm. The second is how this type of research can, through its results, also serve as a reference to guide the decision-making processes of educational policy managers. The article also explores how researchers using this approach are studying educational phenomena in their natural environment, seeking to make sense of or interpret them in terms of the meaning people give to them.
- ItemEscolas de ensino médio de Belo Horizonte: as campeãs e as que oferecem mais ao aluno(2002) SOARES, José Francisco; CASTRO, Cláudio Moura; CÉSAR, Cibele CominiThis paper discusses the limitations of using average performance in classifying schools. There are two important points to be considered: schools have different clientele regarding characteristics relevant to the educational process and it is expected that there is a correlation between the performance of students from the same school. To obtain a classification that considers these two aspects, the methodology of hierarchical linear models was used. This methodology, which is an extension of the multiple linear regression analysis, makes the clienteles comparable and incorporates the correlation between the performance measures of students from the same school. Comparing the classification obtained according to the average criterion with the classification provided by the hierarchical model, with schools classified by concepts, it is observed that there is a great change in the attributed concepts. In particular, public schools move towards the best concepts. It is also observed that, although there is variation between schools, this is not as expressive as the comparison of unadjusted means seems to indicate.
- ItemIntervención estatal, incentivos y desempeño educativo(2002) MORDUCHOWICZ, AlejandroThis paper reviews some of the economic arguments that traditionally supported the provision of education and the counterarguments that were directed to support the introduction of market mechanisms in the granting of sectoral resources. The interest in reviewing this discussion lies in critically analyzing the origins and support of the ways that have been proposed in recent years to improve the performance of learning outcomes. Specifically, three dimensions are reviewed on those that have discussed the introduction of incentive mechanisms in the education system internationally: a) at a macro-system level, through subsidies to meet demand; b) at a school level, through determinations to promote processes and/or results and c) at a teaching level, through changes in the salary structure.
- ItemUma perspectiva em avaliação educacional baseada na teoria triárquica da inteligência humana de Robert J. Sternberg(2002) DIAS, Rosimeiri de OliveiraThis study is a dissertation, at the master's level, approved by the State University of Rio de Janeiro, on 12/04/98, through the panel: Profa now Marsyl Bulkool Mettrau (advisor), Profa now Rosa at Glat and Profa Ora Maria Helena Novaes Mira. This research aims to describe the theoretical contributions of Robert J. Sternberg about his Triarchic Theory of human intelligence. It brings to the reflection issues of interest to everyday school life with regard to educational assessment, valuing the voice of regular and special class students and, therefore, recognizing their citizenship rights and feeling of non-exclusion in the academic process.
- ItemO ensino superior privado como setor econômico(2002) SCHWARTZMAN, Jacques; SCHWARTZMAN, SimonThis paper presentes a broad view of the private higher education sector in Brazil, based on data of the 2000 brazilian Census of Higher Education and other sources. Private education erolls 2
- ItemA avaliação institucional e à acreditação como base para qualidade em ensino à distancia(2002) PINTO, Fatima Cunha Ferreira; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Alberto Pereira deThe article exposes the issue of Institutional Assessment and Accreditation as a basis for Quality Distance Learning in a knowledge society. It analyzes the methodology of distance learning, comparing it with that of conventional education, and its importance for developed countries. It also reports the Brazilian Policy on Distance Education and educational programs created in this area, such as: TV Escola, PROINFO, PROFORMAÇÃO and PAPED, analyzing their strengths and weaknesses and recognizing the importance of expanding Distance Education beyond non- academic and postgraduate courses. It ends by emphasizing the importance of Institutional Assessment and Accreditation in improving the services offered to society as a whole and, mainly, as a support for the growth and improvement of the quality of Distance Education in Brazil.
- ItemOs primeiros passos da pós-graduação no Brasil: a questão de dependência(2002) SANTOS, Cássio Miranda dosThe present article is about the history of the masters degree course in Brazil, focusing the subject of the implantation of a dependent model of masters degree. Beginning the historical rising in the decade of 30 the work emphasizes the decade of 60, being about the political-economic context of the formal implantation of the masters degree course in Brazil, wth the publication of the reporter's Newton Sucupira Opinion 977
- ItemAvaliação institucional na Alemanha e no Brasil: análise comparativa(2002) NASCIMENTO, Raimundo Benedito do; XAVIER, Lila Coltilde BarbosaThis article seeks to situate the evaluation in the perspective of that which is developed in Germany, according to Professor Dr. Hans-Günter Rolff, with emphasis on the CIPP Model, by Stufflebeom, which prioritizes the institutional evaluation process and not only the results arising from this process. For this, an assessment of the assessment itself (meta-assessment) is necessary, with the main objective of improving the quality of teaching. In addition, an analysis was made between this model and the generic Brazilian references on the evaluation of educational institutions, reinforced by the national concern to guarantee quality education to all citizens.