Gramsci, educação e escola unitária
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Tipo
Artigo
Classficação
Nível teórico
Data
2021
Autores
Título do Períodico
Educação e Pesquisa
ISSN
1678-4670
Página(s)/e-location
e226099
Idioma(s)
pt
Fonte
Fonte
São Paulo
47
47
Coleções
Resumo
Este artigo é produto de pesquisa sobre fundamentos da educação e apresenta os resultados de investigações sobre as contribuições de Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937). Este texto dá sequência a outras publicações sobre aspectos específicos do legado do autor italiano, mas aqui sintetizando as formulações que produziu, especificamente, sobre educação e escola, com vistas a averiguar sua identidade teórico-metodológica. Na primeira parte do texto, encontram-se dados biográficos e as especificidades dos escritos de Gramsci, e em seguida, há a explicitação de sua concepção de ser humano, para melhor compreender a principal contribuição que deixou sobre o nível básico de ensino: a escola unitária, apresentada na parte final da estrutura textual. A metodologia empregada foi a da pesquisa bibliográfica, que se desenvolveu principalmente pela análise dos cadernos miscelâneos e especiais de Gramsci, particularmente o 1 e o 4, e o 12 e o 22, porque são nesses escritos da maturidade que o comunista italiano mais detidamente tratou de educação e de escola. Além dos “cadernos do cárcere” e de cartas de Gramsci, textos de destacados comentadores também foram averiguados, com o objetivo de bem detectar a concepção do autor em questão sobre a escola básica. A conclusão é que as formulações sobre educação e escola apresentadas são expressões atualizadas do legado do marxismo originário e, portanto, não podem ser confundidas com concepções liberais, que implicaram propostas educacionais estranhas à escola unitária.
This paper is the product of research on the fundamentals of education; it presents the results of investigations on the contributions of Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937). This text follows on from other publications on specific aspects of the Italian author’s legacy, but here summarizing the formulations he produced, specifically on education and school, to ascertain his theoretical-methodological identity. In the first part of the text, there are biographical data and the specifics of Gramsci’s writings, which are followed by an explanation of his conception of human being, to better understand the main contribution he left on the basic level of education: the unitary school, presented in the final part of the textual structure. Bibliographic research was the utilized methodology, which was developed mainly by the analysis of Gramsci’s miscellaneous and special notebooks, particularly 1 and 4, and 12 and 22, because in these maturity writings the Italian communist most carefully dealt with education and school. In addition to the “prison notebooks” and letters by Gramsci, texts by prominent commentators were also investigated, to detect the author’s concept in question about the basic school. The conclusion is that the presented formulations on education and school are up-to-date expressions of the legacy of original Marxism and, therefore, cannot be confused with liberal conceptions, which implied educational proposals foreign to the unitary school.
This paper is the product of research on the fundamentals of education; it presents the results of investigations on the contributions of Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937). This text follows on from other publications on specific aspects of the Italian author’s legacy, but here summarizing the formulations he produced, specifically on education and school, to ascertain his theoretical-methodological identity. In the first part of the text, there are biographical data and the specifics of Gramsci’s writings, which are followed by an explanation of his conception of human being, to better understand the main contribution he left on the basic level of education: the unitary school, presented in the final part of the textual structure. Bibliographic research was the utilized methodology, which was developed mainly by the analysis of Gramsci’s miscellaneous and special notebooks, particularly 1 and 4, and 12 and 22, because in these maturity writings the Italian communist most carefully dealt with education and school. In addition to the “prison notebooks” and letters by Gramsci, texts by prominent commentators were also investigated, to detect the author’s concept in question about the basic school. The conclusion is that the presented formulations on education and school are up-to-date expressions of the legacy of original Marxism and, therefore, cannot be confused with liberal conceptions, which implied educational proposals foreign to the unitary school.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937), Escola unitária, Fundamentos da educação, Marxismo originário, Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937), Unitary school, Fundamentals of education, Original Marxism
Citação
MARTINS, Marcos Francisco. Gramsci, educação e escola unitária. Educação e Pesquisa, São Paulo, v. 47, p. e226099. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-4634202147226099. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/ep/a/X3MD3XtH4YVQfXndFDBDtws/?format=html&lang=pt. Acesso em: 2023-03-10